Mishneh Torah, Kings and Wars 6

Hook

Even in the midst of war, the Sages of Sepharad taught us to seek peace, to protect the land, and to uphold dignity.

Context

Place

From the vibrant intellectual centers of the Iberian Peninsula to the ancient communities of Egypt, Yemen, North Africa, and the Ottoman Empire, Rambam's wisdom permeated.

Era

Written in the 12th century by Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon (Maimonides), the Mishneh Torah became a cornerstone of Jewish law and thought for centuries to come.

Community

His meticulous and comprehensive legal code shaped the understanding and practice of Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews across the globe.

Text Snapshot

The Rambam, in Mishneh Torah, Kings and Wars 6, lays out profound principles: "War... should not be waged against anyone until they are offered the opportunity of peace... If the enemy accepts the offer of peace and commits itself to the fulfillment of the seven mitzvot... none of them should be killed." "It is forbidden to lie when making such a covenant or to be untruthful to them after they have made peace..." "We should not cut down fruit trees outside a city... Anyone who cuts down such a tree should be lashed." "This prohibition does not apply to trees alone. Rather, anyone who breaks utensils, tears garments, destroys buildings, stops up a spring, or ruins food with a destructive intent transgresses the command 'Do not destroy.'"

Minhag/Melody

The Daily Dose of Rambam

Many Sephardi and Mizrahi communities, particularly those influenced by Iraqi and Moroccan traditions, uphold the practice of Rambam Yomi. This daily study cycle of Mishneh Torah ensures continuous engagement with his comprehensive legal and ethical framework, making his wisdom a part of daily life.

Contrast

Holistic Law vs. Practical Code

While many Ashkenazi legal codes (e.g., Shulchan Aruch) focus on laws relevant to daily practice in exile, Rambam's Mishneh Torah is a comprehensive, thematic, and philosophical work covering all of Jewish law, including those relevant to a Jewish monarchy and the Land of Israel, such as the laws of war and peace. This reflects a broader, more holistic vision of Jewish life.

Home Practice

Embrace "Bal Tashchit"

Reflect on the principle of bal tashchit (do not destroy), which extends beyond fruit trees to all forms of wanton destruction. Before discarding an item, consider if it can be repaired, repurposed, or if a more sustainable choice can be made. This small act connects us to a profound ancient ethic of stewardship.

Takeaway

Rambam's vision, rooted in ancient texts and honed by his vast intellect, offers not just legal rulings but a profound ethical framework for engaging with the world, emphasizing restraint, justice, and the pursuit of peace and preservation even in the most challenging circumstances. His teachings continue to inspire us to build a better world.